Answers of Quiz 1677 (Marriage/Nikah)
2. (C) Sunnah
3. Nikah Sunnah, Nikah Muta, Nikah Misyar
4. (C) Ehsan
5. In Islam, a mahr (Bridal-gift) is a mandatory payment, in the form of money or possessions paid or promised to pay by the groom, or by groom's father, to the bride at the time of marriage, that legally becomes her property. While the mahr is often money, it can also be anything agreed upon by the bride such as jewelry, home goods, furniture, a dwelling or some land.
A mahr is part of every Muslim marriage contract. The mahr may be separated into two parts. First, there is the muqaddam, or the prompt mahr, which the wife must receive at or immediately after the marriage ceremony. The second part of the mahr, called the mu'akhar, is a deferred & promised amount, payable at any agreed upon date following the consummation (Rukhsati) of the marriage. Often the deferred amount is larger than the amount paid at marriage. In theory, the deferred amount is supposed to provide the wife with a means of support, and is associated with the death or divorce of the husband, however this is a more traditional rather than Islamic stance on the matter. The muqaddam should be viewed as importantly as the initial dowry payment as it is an obligation to be fulfilled by the husband & is considered debt if it is not given to the wife within the timeframe agreed upon between the couple. Mahr is mentioned several times in the Quran & Hadith, & there is no maximum limit to the amount the groom may pay as mahr, but at a minimum it is an amount that would be sufficient for the woman to be able to survive independently if her husband dies or they divorce.
6. "Dower" is the English translation that comes closest to Islamic meaning of mahr, as "dower" refers to the payment from the husband or his family to the wife, especially to support her in the event of his death. However, mahr is distinct from dower in two ways: 1) mahr is legally required for all Islamic marriages while dower was optional, & 2) mahr is required to be specified at the time of marriage (when a certain amount is promised, if not paid immediately), while dower is not paid until the death of the husband. Mahr also can be classified as a form of "bridewealth", described by anthropologists as payments made from the kin of the groom to the kin of the bride; however, mahr is paid directly to the bride & not her parents. In fact, as her legal property, mahr establishes the bride's financial independence from her parents & in many cases from her husband, who has no legal claims to his wife's mahr.
7. A dowry is a transfer of parental property, gifts or money at the marriage of a daughter. In Islam, bride prices and dowries are forbidden.
8. 2 witnesses
9. The importance of the wali is debated between the different schools of thought. To the Hanafi Sunnis, a male guardian is not required for the bride to become married, even if it is her first marriage. Therefore, the marriage contract is signed between the bride & the groom, not the groom & the wali.
10. To the Hanbali, Shafi'i, & Maliki Sunni schools, a wali is required in order for a virginal woman to marry. In these schools, if a woman has been divorced, she becomes her own guardian & does not need a wali to sign a marriage contract.
11. Marriage Certificate is an official record that two people have undertaken a marriage ceremony.
12. (B) Mustahab
13. Walima (Marriage Banquet) is the second of the two traditional parts of an Islamic wedding. The walima is performed after the nikah or marriage ceremony. The word walima is derived from awlam, meaning to gather or assemble.
14. Nafaqah is the Islamic legal term for the financial support a husband must provide for his wife or wives. In an Islamic marriage agreement, the husband is responsible to pay for his wife's housing, food & clothing. Any money the wife earns is hers to do with as she wishes.
15. But not to polytheists.
16. (A) Permitted
17. Seven relations are prohibited because of consanguinity i.e. kinship or relationship by blood, viz. mothers, daughters, sisters, paternal aunts, maternal aunts & nieces (whether sister's or brother's daughters).
18. In Islam, the infant is regarded as having the same degree of affinity to the wet nurse as in consanguinity, so when the child grows up marriage is prohibited to those related to the wet nurse by the same degree as if to the child's own mother.
19. The daughter-in-law is prohibited for the father, & the mother-in-law, the wife’s daughter, the wife’s sister & daughters of the wife's siblings (nieces), the maternal & paternal aunts of the wife are all prohibited for the husband.
20. (D) 4
21. The Quran advises men that if they are certain of a rebellious attitude by the woman, they should first admonish her, then refuse to share beds, & finally beat ("darab") her, according to Qur'an 4:34.
22. Divorce in Islam can take a variety of forms, some initiated by the husband & some initiated by the wife. The main traditional legal categories are talaq (repudiation), Khula (mutual divorce), judicial divorce & oaths.
23. (B) permitted, prohibited
24. Mut'a is a type of temporary contract marriage permitted in Twelver Shia Islam, where the duration of the marriage & the mahr must be specified & agreed upon in advance. It is a private contract made in a verbal or written format.
25. Khula is a procedure through which a woman can divorce her husband in Islam, by returning the dower (mahr) that she received from her husband.
26. Surah Noor
27. Surah Noor
28. Love marriage is allowed in Islam provided the love doesn’t cross Islamic boundaries & enter into the haraam.
29. (D) Both A & B
30. Muslim views on abortion are shaped by the Hadees as well as by the opinions of legal & religious scholars & commentators. In Islam, the foetus is believed to become a living soul after four months of gestation & abortion after that point is generally viewed as impermissible. Many Islamic thinkers recognize exceptions to this rule for certain circumstances. Abortion is only legal if the life of the mother is threatened by continuing the pregnancy.
31. Hazrat Zainab bint Jahash (RA)
32. Hazrat Zainab bint Jahash (RA)
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